Summary of lesson 1:


Political power - politicians, police and people who work in law courts.
Personal power - people in a position of power because of their jobs : teachers, employers.
Social group power - Hold power because of a social varibale e.g. class, gender, age. Typically middle class white men.

Instrumental/ influential power

Instrumental - power to assert dominance and authority through actions e.g. police, disciplinary.
Infuential power: Persuasive power e.g. media and advertising.

Summary of lesson 2:

Persuasive speech

Modal verbs: will, may, can, must. Shows determination and conviction, convinving audience of statement.

A modal verb is an auxilary verb that expresses necessity or possibility e.g. must.

Epistemic modality: when a modal verb is used to express the speakers opinion about a statement e.e. "it might be true".
Deontic modality: modal verb used to affect a situation e.g. giving permission, "you can go when you are finished".

Persuasive features used in speeches

Modal verbs, rhetorical question, direct adress, repition, special voacbulary and jargon, personal pronouns, facts, AFOREST, emotive language.

Parallelism: repeating things in a sentence or subsequent sentenceds e.g. verbs, phrases.

Synonymous parallelism: 2nd half of a sentemnce echoes the 1st half, or develops it. Shows ideas are equal in importance. Adds balance, rhythm and clarity. "Protect but not possess, to defend but not to conquer".

Anithesis: establishes clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtapositioning them. Makes distinctions, clarifies ideas that may be overlooked. "Live together as brothers... or die together as fools." OR "He who lives by the sword shall die by the sword".

Anaphora: Repitition of the same word/ words at the beginning of successsive clauses or sentences. "To think on death it is a misery. To think on life it is a vanity".

Epistrophe: Repitition of the same word/ words at the end of successive clauses or sentences. "Reason is subdued, honesty is subdued, good will is subdued".

Other features

Alliteration, anology (story), metaphor.